关于JSP中的文件上传和下载操作
先分析一下上传文件的流程
1-先通过前段页面中的选择文件选择要上传的图片
index.jsp<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"%>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page 下载
2-点击提交按钮,通过ajax的文件上传访问服务器端
common.js
var path = (function() { //获取当前网址 var curWwwPath = window.document.location.href; //获取主机地址之后的目录 var pathName = window.document.location.pathname; var pos = curWwwPath.indexOf(pathName); //获取主机地址 var localhostPath = curWwwPath.substring(0, pos); //获取带"/"的项目名 var projectName = pathName.substring(0, pathName.substr(1).indexOf('/') + 1); return { curWwwPath: curWwwPath, pathName: pathName, localhostPath: localhostPath, projectName: projectName, //部署路径 deployPath: localhostPath + projectName };})();
// 文件下载$("a[id=downLoad]").click(function(){ window.location.href=path.deployPath+"/fileDown";});// 文件上传$("input[id=upload]").click(function() { $.ajaxFileUpload( { url : path.deployPath + "/fileUp", // 处理页面的绝对路径 fileElementId : "inputImage", //file空间的id属性 dataType : "json", success : function(data) { alert("上传成功"); } });});
3-服务器端响应保存或者下载
保存上传文件的FileUpload.javaimport java.io.File;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.PrintWriter;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import java.util.UUID;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import net.sf.json.JSONArray;import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;import com.stu.util.HttpUtil;/** * 文件名称: com.stu.fileupload.FileUpload.java * 初始作者: Administrator * 创建日期: 2018-1-31 * 功能说明: 文件上传 * ================================================= * 修改记录: * 修改作者 日期 修改内容 * ================================================ * Copyright (c) 2010-2011 .All rights reserved. */public class FileUpload extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; @Override protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException { // 获取到当前服务器所在的路径 String serverPath = req.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/"); // 设置保存上传文件的路径 String saveDirPath = serverPath + "img"; File saveDirPathFileObj = new File(saveDirPath); // 如果当用来存放文件的目录不存在时,要创建该目录 if (!saveDirPathFileObj.exists()) { saveDirPathFileObj.mkdirs(); } // 创建一个解析器工厂 DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory(); // 设置工厂的缓存区大小 factory.setSizeThreshold(5 * 1024); // 文件上传的解析器(文件上传对象) ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory); // 设置上传文件的最大值 upload.setSizeMax(3 * 1024 * 1024); // 设置编码格式 upload.setHeaderEncoding("UTF-8"); try { // 上传以后的文件名 ListuploadFileNames = new ArrayList (); List fileItems = upload.parseRequest(req); System.out.println(fileItems); for (FileItem file : fileItems) { // 新的文件名 String saveFileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", ""); // 文件的后缀 String oldFileName = new String(file.getName().getBytes(), "UTF-8"); System.out.println("oldFileName" + oldFileName); String fileType = oldFileName.substring(oldFileName.lastIndexOf(".")); // 新的文件路径 String saveFilePath = saveDirPath + File.separator + saveFileName + fileType; uploadFileNames.add(saveFileName + fileType); // 保存上传的文件 file.write(new File(saveFilePath)); } System.out.println(uploadFileNames); HttpUtil.setAttribute(req, "urls", uploadFileNames); res.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8"); PrintWriter pw = res.getWriter(); pw.print(JSONArray.fromObject(uploadFileNames)); } catch (FileUploadException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }}
下载文件的FileDownload.java
import java.io.File;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.PrintWriter;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import java.util.UUID;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import net.sf.json.JSONArray;import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;import com.stu.util.HttpUtil;/** * 文件名称: com.stu.fileupload.FileUpload.java * 初始作者: Administrator * 创建日期: 2018-1-31 * 功能说明: 文件上传 * ================================================= * 修改记录: * 修改作者 日期 修改内容 * ================================================ * Copyright (c) 2010-2011 .All rights reserved. */public class FileUpload extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; @Override protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException { // 获取到当前服务器所在的路径 String serverPath = req.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/"); // 设置保存上传文件的路径 String saveDirPath = serverPath + "img"; File saveDirPathFileObj = new File(saveDirPath); // 如果当用来存放文件的目录不存在时,要创建该目录 if (!saveDirPathFileObj.exists()) { saveDirPathFileObj.mkdirs(); } // 创建一个解析器工厂 DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory(); // 设置工厂的缓存区大小 factory.setSizeThreshold(5 * 1024); // 文件上传的解析器(文件上传对象) ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory); // 设置上传文件的最大值 upload.setSizeMax(3 * 1024 * 1024); // 设置编码格式 upload.setHeaderEncoding("UTF-8"); try { // 上传以后的文件名 ListuploadFileNames = new ArrayList (); List fileItems = upload.parseRequest(req); System.out.println(fileItems); for (FileItem file : fileItems) { // 新的文件名 String saveFileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", ""); // 文件的后缀 String oldFileName = new String(file.getName().getBytes(), "UTF-8"); System.out.println("oldFileName" + oldFileName); String fileType = oldFileName.substring(oldFileName.lastIndexOf(".")); // 新的文件路径 String saveFilePath = saveDirPath + File.separator + saveFileName + fileType; uploadFileNames.add(saveFileName + fileType); // 保存上传的文件 file.write(new File(saveFilePath)); } System.out.println(uploadFileNames); HttpUtil.setAttribute(req, "urls", uploadFileNames); res.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8"); PrintWriter pw = res.getWriter(); pw.print(JSONArray.fromObject(uploadFileNames)); } catch (FileUploadException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }}
这里面用到了一个HttpUtil类,代码如下:
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;import javax.servlet.ServletContext;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;/** * 文件名称_com.niit.model2.util.Httputil.java * 初始作逯ܿAdministrator * 创建日期_2018-1-23 * 功能说明_这里用一句话描述这个类的作用--此句话需删除 * ================================================= * 修改记录_br/> * 修改作迠日期 修改内容 * ================================================ * Copyright (c) 2010-2011 .All rights reserved. */public class HttpUtil { private HttpUtil() { } /** * 方法描述: [用于向不同的作用域存放属性] * 初始作迺 Administrator * 创建日期: 2018-1-23-上午11:24:45 * 弿Nj版本: 2.0.0 * ================================================= * 修改记录_br/> * 修改作迠日期 修改内容 * ================================================ * void */ public static void setAttribute(Object scopeObj, String name, Object value) { if (scopeObj instanceof HttpServletRequest) { ((HttpServletRequest) scopeObj).setAttribute(name, value); } if (scopeObj instanceof HttpSession) { ((HttpSession) scopeObj).setAttribute(name, value); } if (scopeObj instanceof ServletContext) { ((ServletContext) scopeObj).setAttribute(name, value); } } /** * 方法描述: [获取作用域中指定名称的属性思 * 初始作迺 Administrator * 创建日期: 2018-1-23-上午11:29:17 * 弿Nj版本: 2.0.0 * ================================================= * 修改记录_br/> * 修改作迠日期 修改内容 * ================================================ * * @param scopeObj * @param name * @return * Object */ public static Object getAttribute(Object scopeObj, String name) { if (scopeObj instanceof HttpServletRequest) { return ((HttpServletRequest) scopeObj).getAttribute(name); } if (scopeObj instanceof HttpSession) { return ((HttpSession) scopeObj).getAttribute(name); } if (scopeObj instanceof ServletContext) { return ((ServletContext) scopeObj).getAttribute(name); } return null; } /** * 方法描述: [获取上下文对象的方法] * 初始作迺 Administrator * 创建日期: 2018-1-23-上午11:31:26 * 弿Nj版本: 2.0.0 * ================================================= * 修改记录_br/> * 修改作迠日期 修改内容 * ================================================ * * @return * ServletContext */ public static ServletContext getServletContext(Object sourceObj) { if (sourceObj instanceof HttpServletRequest) { return ((HttpServletRequest) sourceObj).getSession().getServletContext(); } if (sourceObj instanceof ServletConfig) { return ((ServletConfig) sourceObj).getServletContext(); } if (sourceObj instanceof FilterConfig) { return ((FilterConfig) sourceObj).getServletContext(); } return null; } /** * 方法描述: [获取项目的实际路径] * 初始作迺 Administrator * 创建日期: 2018-1-23-上午11:45:47 * 弿Nj版本: 2.0.0 * ================================================= * 修改记录_br/> * 修改作迠日期 修改内容 * ================================================ * * @param req * @return * String */ public static String getContextPath(HttpServletRequest req) { return req.getContextPath(); }}
当然,代码编辑好了也不要忘了在 WebRoot/WEB-INF/web.xml 中添加新建的Servlet,就是刚刚的两个Java文件啦
index.jsp fileUpload com.stu.fileupload.FileUpload fileUpload /fileUp fileDownload com.stu.fileupload.FileDownload fileDownload /fileDown
这样的话就可以运行啦。
TIP: 不要忘记相关的jar包和 js 包哦
在 WebRoot / WEB-INF / lib 下,有 commons-fileupload.jar 和 commons-io.jar ,另外 json-lib-x.x.x-jdkxx.jar 包是用来把上传的返回数据修改为JSON格式的
在 WebRoot / js 下,导入 jquery.js , common.js , ajaxfileupload.js